Modern Scientific Press

ABSTRACT: In this paper we present a review of biofilter, which is one of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) removal technique used more effectively. VOC’s discarded in the environment effect the ecological system. It also cause health hazard. Moreover the paper discusses the parameters effects the operation of biofilter. The merits and demerits of biofilter are also discussed.

ABSTRACT: This paper reports on agronomic properties and sugar conversion of bagasse from two sugarcane clones (transgenic and wild type). Transgenic clone showed higher stalk height (144.8 cm), stalk population (129 603), soluble sugar content in the juice (147 kg/ton cane) than the wild type (123 cm, 104 039, 140 kg/ton cane, respectively), but stalk diameter and cane yield per hectare were similar. The bagasse from transgenic clone was more digestible (up to 98.7% of potential glucose) than the wild type (84.8%). The total sugar yield from the bagasse after pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis was also higher for transgenic clone (88% of potential sugar) than the wild type (82.7%). It was further observed that ethanol yield after simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of pretreated bagasse based on best condition was higher for transgenic clone (29.6 g/L, corresponding to 75.8% of potential glucose in pretreated material) compared to the wild type (26.8 g/L, corresponding to 69.2% of potential glucose). The observed differences could be attributed to chemical composition differences among the clones. The bagasse from transgenic clone showed lower lignin content (16.4 % dry weight) compared to wild type (21.3 %). The results provide evidence that the use of bagasse from transgenic clone yields more ethanol than conventional varieties, therefore, increasing ethanol production per feedstock.

ABSTRACT: This study assessed the status of Human Wildlife Conflicts (HWC’s) in Mpanga/Kipengere Game Reserve. The study took place in Igomelo, Igando, and Luduga villages which are administratively in Wanging’ombe and Mbarali Districts. Data were collected by using questionnaire survey, key informants interviews, archive information, and physical site visits. A total of 100 respondents were involved in this study. Results indicated that respondents perceived crop raiding, boundary disputes, and restricted access to reserve resources as the major HWC’s in the study area which led to reduced household income and food insecurity. Major mitigation measures used by local people to mitigate the problem included crop guarding, digging trenches, and informing game reserve officials. For the MKGR to be effective in improving the livelihood of the local people and enhancing conservation, the study suggested the preparation of compensation schemes for destructions made by wildlife, benefits sharing from wildlife-related activities, and boundary demarcation.

ABSTRACT: The height, diameter and tree volume of Leucaena leucocephala were significantly greater in NPK fertilized plots compared to control plots on mine spoil. The annual height and tree volume increments were also greater in fertilized plots. The response to NPK fertilization decreased with increase in age of the trees of L. leucocephala on mine spoil.