Modern Scientific Press

ABSTRACT: Microalgae are the rapidly growing plants on the earth surface and renewable resource of energy containing rich protein, lipids and vitamins in their body. This study demonstrates the pure culturing of algal strains on BG-11 medium and production of algal oil from Chroococcus minimus (Keissler) Lemm and Aphanocapsa grevillei (Hass.) Rabenh. The extraction of algal oil was done by soxhlet method. GCMS analysis revealed the presence of Hexadecanoic acid, trimethylsilyl ester and 3-Naphthalen-2-yl-3-piperidin-1-yl-propan-1-ol, Dodecyl acrylate in Chroococcus minimus (Keissler) Lemmwhile1b,5,5,6a-Tetramethyl-octahydro-1- oxacyclopropa (a) inden-6-one, 2-Propanoic acid, oxybis (methyl-2,1-ethanediyl) ester, Oxirane, tetradecyl, 3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol, n-Hexadecanoic acid, Propanic acid, 3-mercapto, dodecyl ester, Phytol, 9,12 Octadecadienoic acid (zz), 3-Naphthalen-2yl-3-Piperidin-1-yl-Propan-1-ol, 9 (2, 2 Dimethylpropanoihydrazono)-3,6-dichloro-2,7-bis-(2-diethylamino)-ethoxyl) fluore, Tert-Hexadecanethiol, 1-Docosene, 9,12-Octa decadienoyl Chloride (zz),1,2-15,16-Diepoxyhexadecane and Squalene compounds are present in Aphanocapsa grevillei (Hass.) Rabenh. Presence of these compounds may be useful in the area of pharmaceutical, cosmetics and biofuel etc.

ABSTRACT: This study was aimed to measure concentration of six heavy metals: Cadmium(Cd), Chromium(Cr), Copper(Cu), Lead(Pb), Nickel(Ni), and Zinc(Zn) at sub- ppm levels in tap water using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry. Results showed that only the heavy metals Cd and Zn present in studied samples reaching maximum average value of 0.0005±0.0002 ppm and 0.0050±0.0010 ppm, respectively. However, the maximum levels of the concentration of the both detected heavy metals did not reach the maximum limit allowed for human health. The rest of the heavy metals that underwent test in this research work were under the limit of detection method.

ABSTRACT: Road transport emission via agents of air pollutant is rapidly increasing in highly dense metropolises, cities and urban areas in Nigeria. This study investigates the distributional form and properties of direct gaseous exhaust of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO₂), oxygen (O₂) and hydrocarbon (HC) by motor vehicles (MVs) and motorcycles (MCs) in Abeokuta, Ogun state, Nigeria with a view to know the appropriate distributions and their implications. It was divulged that HC is the most emphatic, highly release emitted air pollutant substance by MCs with distributional form of Weibull, and shape parameter of 1.48 suggesting around one minutes forty-eight seconds dissolve into the air hemisphere while O₂ and HC were the alarming substances for MVs. Furthermore, for CO, it was unveiled that Gamma and Weibull distributions were the ideal fit for MVs and MCs respectively; Normal and Logistic distributions best described CO₂ for MVs and MCs respectively; Gamma or Weibull and Logistic distributions performed well in modelling O₂ for MVs and MCs respectively. The ideal distributions for HC were Exponential and Weibull for MVs and MCs respectively. Hence, these air pollutants need to be monitored using the suggested models since continuous release at an alarming rate is a threat to human health.

ABSTRACT: This study was carried out in Akure, the capital city of Ondo state, Nigeria. The city was divided into five (5) landuse classes (Administrative, Commercial, Industrial, Institutional and Residential). The study’s objective was to determine the thermal comfort or discomfort of people to the environmental conditions that obtains particularly temperature and relative humidity in Akure, with respect to the thermal discomfort index (DI). This index was calculated from Thom’s formula which is DI = T - (0.55-0.0055*RH) (T-14.5). The interested micro-climatic parameters of air temperature and relative humidity, were obtained from the archives of era interim (ECMWF) for a period of 31 years (1986-2017). Decadal averaging was done (using Microsoft Excel) on the discomfort index values obtained to break the discomfort values into three decades (1986 – 1996, 1997 – 2006, and 2007 – 2017). Thom’s Table of DI Ranges was used to determine the percentage of the population of Akure metropolis suffering from discomfort or otherwise. From this study, it can be inferred that over a period of 31 years, over 50% of the population in Akure are experiencing thermal discomfort. The discomfort indices greater than 30 or 32 (indicating 100% of the population feeling discomfort or the condition of medical emergency, respectively) were not attained in Akure metropolis over the same period of 31 years.